Partial vs Total Knee Replacement: Which Is Right for You?

Not every arthritic knee needs a full replacement. When damage is limited to one part of the joint, a partial knee replacement may be an option. The right choice depends on where the wear is and how healthy the rest of the knee is.

What Is a Partial Knee Replacement?

The knee has three compartments. In a partial (unicompartmental) replacement, only the damaged compartment, usually the inner side, is resurfaced. The healthy bone, cartilage and ligaments are kept.

What Is a Total Knee Replacement?

All the worn surfaces of the thigh bone, shin bone and often the kneecap are replaced with a metal and medical-grade plastic implant. It is the standard treatment for widespread arthritis.

Comparing the Two

• Candidates: Partial suits arthritis in one compartment with stable ligaments. Total suits damage in several compartments, significant deformity or stiffness.
• Recovery: Partial usually means a shorter hospital stay and faster early recovery.
• Feel: Because more natural structures are kept, partial knees often feel closer to a normal knee.
• Durability: Total replacement has a long track record. A partial knee may need conversion to a total later if arthritis spreads.

Only a thorough assessment can tell you which operation fits your knee. If you have been told you need surgery, ask your surgeon whether a partial replacement is a safe option for you.